ETL 1110-2-355
31 Dec 93
engineer with the guidance of an experienced engi-
anchoring into the monolith wall. The operating
neer. Other monoliths will generally be more diffi-
machinery for the culvert valve is also housed in the
cult to design than a chamber monolith but not as
culvert valve monolith and is generally located at the
difficult as a culvert valve monolith or intake/
top of the lock wall where steel frames are embedded
discharge monolith.
in the concrete to secure the machinery. Bulkhead
slots are provided for dewatering of the culvert valve
recess for maintenance and inspection of the culvert
b. Intake/discharge monoliths. The intake and
valves. Since the culvert valve monolith generally
discharge monoliths are located at each end of the
lies between one of the massive gate monoliths and
lock. The intake ports must be located in the upper
one of the more slender chamber monoliths, it is
pool while the discharge ports are located in the
often used for a transition to align the culvert in the
lower pool. Generally for a U-frame the intake/
other two monoliths (see Figure A-1).
discharge monoliths will be U-frame monoliths, but it
is not necessary if the applied loads are balanced on
e. Chamber monoliths. The chamber monoliths
each wall. Placement of the manifolds towards the
outside of the monolith will be advantageous in
are basically included to provide continuity of the
reducing congestion caused by the intersection of wall
lock chamber and culvert between the upstream and
and base reinforcing if the manifolds are placed
downstream culvert valve monoliths. Since the
toward the inside of the monolith. However, site or
chamber monoliths are not required to support valves,
hydraulic conditions may require that the discharge be
gates, or operating equipment their walls are much
placed on the inside of the monolith. Various port
thinner than the other monoliths. To save concrete,
geometries and face locations have been used in the
the outside edge of a chamber monolith can be
past and are generally established by the hydraulics
tapered above the culvert. The chamber monoliths
engineer. The selection of the type of port should be
contain ports from the culvert to the lock chamber
made during the feasibility phase of a project, but the
which are used for filling and emptying the lock.
actual geometry will be determined for the design
The spacing of these ports should be considered when
memorandum.
determining the length of the chamber monolith.
These monoliths will often contain a gallery near the
top of the monolith which extends the length of the
c. Gate monoliths. The gate monoliths are
lock and is used to carry electrical wires and mechan-
located at each end of the lock and house the gates
ical piping.
used to let tows in and out of the lock chamber. In
addition, these monoliths usually house the machinery
f. Other monoliths. Additional monoliths
used to actuate the gates. All anchor supports, bear-
ings, and other embedded metals are contained within
which may be included in a U-frame lock could be
the walls and bases of these monoliths. Sills are
guardwall monoliths and bulkhead monoliths. A
frequently provided along the chamber base to estab-
guardwall monolith will not always necessarily be a
lish draft requirements and provide a sealing surface
U-frame structure since it may only be needed on one
to minimize flow between the gate and the concrete
side of the entrance to the lock. Typically, a guard-
base. In the area of the sill, consideration should be
wall monolith will be placed at the entrance of the
given to including a recess in the base for silt depos-
lock to transition the area into the lock. A bulkhead
its which would interfere with gate operation if
monolith will become necessary if the location of the
recesses were not present. The gate monolith must
bulkheads is not contained within one of the other
also provide a recess to house the gate in its open
monoliths. If it is necessary for a lock to have a
position. Bulkhead slots are usually located upstream
bulkhead monolith, it will often be of similar geom-
and downstream of the lock gate to allow for emer-
etry to a chamber monolith. While a bulkhead mono-
gency and maintenance dewatering. These bulkhead
lith's geometry may be similar to a chamber
slots may or may not be contained within the miter
monolith, its loading will not be since it will need to
gate monolith.
carry load in the upstream and downstream direction.
Finally, any of the aforementioned monoliths can also
act as bridge pier monoliths. When a bridge pier is
d. Culvert valve monoliths. Culvert valve mon-
located on a monolith, it can have an effect on the
oliths contain valves which control the filling and
design of the monolith due to the loads transmitted to
emptying of the lock chamber. A culvert valve mon-
the monolith from the bridge pier. This is particu-
olith is located at the upstream and downstream end
larly true in active seismic areas.
of the lock. The culvert valve is supported by
A-3
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