ULTRAVILOET DISINFECTION AT ARMY WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITIES
Implementation - ETL-1110-3-4420002
Introduction
BACKGROUND - ETL-1110-3-4420007
Application to Wastewater Disinfection
Disinfection Standards
Special Requirements - ETL-1110-3-4420010
Special Requirements - ETL-1110-3-4420011
UV Light Disinfection Mechanics
Electromagnetic spectrum with expanded scale of ultraviolet spectrum
Figure 3-2. Relative bacterial effectiveness of ultraviolet radiation
FIGURE 3-3 Microbiocidal wavelengths of UV and distribution of energy output for low and medium-pressure arc lamps
UV Dose and Inactivation Time
FIGURE 3-4 Collimated beam apparatus
FIGURE 3-5 Dosa-response reference curve
E. Coli as Indicators
Comparison of relative dosages with UV, chlorine and ozone
UV Transmittance at 254 nm
Water and Wastewater Quality
Mixing - ETL-1110-3-4420023
Mixing - ETL-1110-3-4420024
General - ETL-1110-3-4420025
FIGURE 4-1. Typical horizontal, open channel UV disinfection system
FIGURE 4-2 Single UV lamp in sleeve surrounded by concrentic layer of water showing intensity attenuation through various mediums according to Beer's law
Lamps and Ballasts
FIGURE 4-3 Schematic of open-channel, modular UV systems
Lamps and Ballasts cont'd
Effective Treatment Zone
FIGURE 4-5 Definition of lamp arc Length
FIGURE 4-6 UV intensity relationship to distance from lamp
FIGURE 4-8 Maximum intensity zones in subjmerged vertical format reactor
FIGURE 4-9 Typical 4-lamp module
Individual Lamp Monitoring
FIGURE 4-10 Typical modular control center
Cleaning Options
Figure 4-11 Typical extended weir desig
Figure 4-12 Typical automtic level control device
FIGURE 4-13 Typical horizontal module potable cleaning equipment
Hydraulic Capacity
Reynolds Number
Aspect Ratio
FIGURE 4-14 Typical contcentration-residence time distribution curve with small amount of dispersion
Average Velocity Short Circuiting Index (SCI)
Secodary Treatment Process
Intensity and Dosing
Table 4-1 Approximate dosages for 90% inactivation of selected microorganisms by UV (Source: 14)
Feasibility Determination
Data Collection
Comprehensive Sampling
Sampling Procedcure
Sampling - ETL-1110-3-4420054
Photoreactivation
Design Considerations - ETL-1110-3-4420056
Level Control
Automatic Control Gate
Control and Monitoring
Ultraviolet Intensity
Disassembly
Mechanical Cleaning
Spares and Service
Small Wastewater Treatment Plants
Effluent Channel
Design Steps
WASTEWATER DATA COLLECTION REQUIREMENTS
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
STEP 3 ESTABLISH REACTOR PARAMETERS AND EQUIPMENT CONDITIONS
FIGURE 4-15 Schematic of uniform and Straggered unniform lamp array
FIGURE 4-16 Uniform array intensity as a function of the reactor UV density and UV coefficient of absorption
FIGURE 4-17 Straggered uniform array intensity as function of the UV density and UV coefficient or absorption
Table 4-2 Examples of low pressure mercury arc lamp specifications
Energy Loss Factors
STEP 6 ESTABLISHINACTIVATION RATE
STEP 7 SET HYDRAULIC RATES
STEP 8 ESTABLISH UV LOADING/UV PERFORMANCE REALATIONSHIP
FIGURE 4-18 Typical UV Performance as a functcion of systems loading
STEP 9 ESTABLISH PERFORMANCE GOALS
Specification Preparation
Specification Preparation cont'd
Summary - ETL-1110-3-4420082
Summary cont'd
TEST QUESTIONS
TEST QUESTIONS cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420086
TEST QUESTIONS cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420087
TEST QUESTIONS cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420088
TEST QUESTIONS cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420089
APPENDIX B UV DISINFECTION SYSTEM DESIGN EXAMPLE
UV DISINFECTION SYSTEM DESIGN EXAMPLE
STEP 3: ESTABLISH REACTOR PARAMETERS AND EQUIPMENNT CONDITIONS
STEP 6: INACTIVE RATE
Table B-1 Calculation of performance based on loading (uniform array, S = 5.5 cm)
FIGURE B-1 Calculartions of performance based on loading
STEP 10: SIZE REACTOR AND UV EQUIPMENT COMPONENTS
Summary - ETL-1110-3-4420097
Calculate Head Loss
APPENDIX C IDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLES
IDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLES
IDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLES cont'd
APPENDIX D REFERNCES
REFERENCES cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420103
REFERENCES cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420104
REFERENCES cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420105
REFERENCES cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420106
ETL 1110-3-442
Implementation - ETL-1110-3-4420002
Introduction
BACKGROUND - ETL-1110-3-4420007
Application to Wastewater Disinfection
Disinfection Standards
Special Requirements - ETL-1110-3-4420010
Special Requirements - ETL-1110-3-4420011
UV Light Disinfection Mechanics
Electromagnetic spectrum with expanded scale of ultraviolet spectrum
Figure 3-2. Relative bacterial effectiveness of ultraviolet radiation
FIGURE 3-3 Microbiocidal wavelengths of UV and distribution of energy output for low and medium-pressure arc lamps
UV Dose and Inactivation Time
FIGURE 3-4 Collimated beam apparatus
FIGURE 3-5 Dosa-response reference curve
E. Coli as Indicators
Comparison of relative dosages with UV, chlorine and ozone
UV Transmittance at 254 nm
Water and Wastewater Quality
Mixing - ETL-1110-3-4420023
Mixing - ETL-1110-3-4420024
General - ETL-1110-3-4420025
FIGURE 4-1. Typical horizontal, open channel UV disinfection system
FIGURE 4-2 Single UV lamp in sleeve surrounded by concrentic layer of water showing intensity attenuation through various mediums according to Beer's law
Lamps and Ballasts
FIGURE 4-3 Schematic of open-channel, modular UV systems
Lamps and Ballasts cont'd
Effective Treatment Zone
FIGURE 4-5 Definition of lamp arc Length
FIGURE 4-6 UV intensity relationship to distance from lamp
FIGURE 4-8 Maximum intensity zones in subjmerged vertical format reactor
FIGURE 4-9 Typical 4-lamp module
Individual Lamp Monitoring
FIGURE 4-10 Typical modular control center
Cleaning Options
Figure 4-11 Typical extended weir desig
Figure 4-12 Typical automtic level control device
FIGURE 4-13 Typical horizontal module potable cleaning equipment
Hydraulic Capacity
Reynolds Number
Aspect Ratio
FIGURE 4-14 Typical contcentration-residence time distribution curve with small amount of dispersion
Average Velocity Short Circuiting Index (SCI)
Secodary Treatment Process
Intensity and Dosing
Table 4-1 Approximate dosages for 90% inactivation of selected microorganisms by UV (Source: 14)
Feasibility Determination
Data Collection
Comprehensive Sampling
Sampling Procedcure
Sampling - ETL-1110-3-4420054
Photoreactivation
Design Considerations - ETL-1110-3-4420056
Level Control
Automatic Control Gate
Control and Monitoring
Ultraviolet Intensity
Disassembly
Mechanical Cleaning
Spares and Service
Small Wastewater Treatment Plants
Effluent Channel
Design Steps
WASTEWATER DATA COLLECTION REQUIREMENTS
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
STEP 3 ESTABLISH REACTOR PARAMETERS AND EQUIPMENT CONDITIONS
FIGURE 4-15 Schematic of uniform and Straggered unniform lamp array
FIGURE 4-16 Uniform array intensity as a function of the reactor UV density and UV coefficient of absorption
FIGURE 4-17 Straggered uniform array intensity as function of the UV density and UV coefficient or absorption
Table 4-2 Examples of low pressure mercury arc lamp specifications
Energy Loss Factors
STEP 6 ESTABLISHINACTIVATION RATE
STEP 7 SET HYDRAULIC RATES
STEP 8 ESTABLISH UV LOADING/UV PERFORMANCE REALATIONSHIP
FIGURE 4-18 Typical UV Performance as a functcion of systems loading
STEP 9 ESTABLISH PERFORMANCE GOALS
Specification Preparation
Specification Preparation cont'd
Summary - ETL-1110-3-4420082
Summary cont'd
TEST QUESTIONS
TEST QUESTIONS cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420086
TEST QUESTIONS cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420087
TEST QUESTIONS cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420088
TEST QUESTIONS cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420089
APPENDIX B UV DISINFECTION SYSTEM DESIGN EXAMPLE
UV DISINFECTION SYSTEM DESIGN EXAMPLE
STEP 3: ESTABLISH REACTOR PARAMETERS AND EQUIPMENNT CONDITIONS
STEP 6: INACTIVE RATE
Table B-1 Calculation of performance based on loading (uniform array, S = 5.5 cm)
FIGURE B-1 Calculartions of performance based on loading
STEP 10: SIZE REACTOR AND UV EQUIPMENT COMPONENTS
Summary - ETL-1110-3-4420097
Calculate Head Loss
APPENDIX C IDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLES
IDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLES
IDENTIFICATION OF VARIABLES cont'd
APPENDIX D REFERNCES
REFERENCES cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420103
REFERENCES cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420104
REFERENCES cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420105
REFERENCES cont'd - ETL-1110-3-4420106
ETL 1110-3-442
