ETL 1110-1-158
28 Feb 95
i. Physical Test Procedures. The following is a summary of
the more common physical test procedures used when performing
treatability studies.
(1) Strength. Strength testing is often used during a
treatability study to indicate how well a material will endure
stresses created by overburden and earth moving equipment.
Strength test data is also frequently used to provide a baseline
for comparison between unstabilized and stabilized waste.
Unconfined compressive strength is the most commonly used
strength parameter for S/S treatability studies. However,
unconfined compressive strength is meaningful only for cohesive
material. The following are the most commonly used test
procedures for determining strength:
(a) Unconfined Compressive Strength (ASTM D 2166-91):
Determines the behavior of the material under mechanical stress
(soil-like materials).
(b) Unconfined Compressive Strength (ASTM D 1633-90):
Determines the behavior of the material under mechanical stress
(concrete-like materials).
(c) Unconfined Compressive Strength (ASTM C 109-91):
Determines the behavior of 2 inch cube samples under mechanical
stress (concrete-like materials).
(d) Pocket Penetrometer. The pocket penetrometer is a hand-
held device that provides a crude estimate of the unconfined
compressive strength of treated material. The test is performed
by pushing a metal rod against the surface of the treated
material and measuring resistance. A minimum sample size of 100
grams is required to provide enough material to minimize wall and
bottom effects of the sample container. The test is sometimes
used in the initial stages of a treatability study instead of
unconfined compressive strength because of the speed at which it
can be performed.
(e) Cone Penetrometer. The cone penetrometer is a more
accurate test than the pocket penetrometer. The test procedure
is described in FM 5-430-00-1. This test can be used to
determine set time for treated material and can also be
correlated to compressive strength. The test is sometimes used
in the initial stages of a treatability study instead of
unconfined compressive strength because of the speed at which it
can be performed.
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