ETL 1110-3-488
1 Mar 98
dependent on thickness. The pavement thickness must be checked within 7 days of placement by
drilling cores. When deficient areas are discovered, additional cores must be drilled to better
define the extent of the deficiency.
o. Repair and replacement (para. x in xxxxx). Completed pavement should be carefully
inspected for cracks and spalls. Any necessary repairs must be completed before acceptance.
Slabs which are irreparable, too thin, or have excessive edge slump, must be removed and
replaced.
p. Joints (para. x in xxxxx). Many pavement failures occur at joints, making these a critical
feature of successful concrete pavement. Joints allow temperature and shrinkage movement in
the concrete, while providing load transfer. Joint details shown in the drawings are not trivial and
construction should follow these details precisely. Location or type of joints as shown on the
drawings must not be altered without written approval of the designer.
(1) Longitudinal construction joint. Where keyways are used, dimensions of the keyway are
crucial to assure adequate load transfer across the joint, and any areas which do not match the
detail must be doweled for a minimum of one slab length. Dowels are covered below.
(2) Transverse construction joint. This joint is most commonly used for the end of a work
day. This joint must be doweled (keyways are not acceptable) and it must be constructed at the
location of a planned transverse joint.
(3) Longitudinal contraction joint. This joint is used down the middle (for example) of a
paved strip to break it into two lanes. This joint must be sawed.
(4) Transverse contraction joint. This joint must be sawed for slipformed pavements.
(5) Expansion joint. This joint is located in new pavement at changes in pavement direction
and around fixed structures, to accomodate temperature and shrinkage movement by isolating the
pavement sections. The expansion joint material must be placed full depth for the joint to be
effective.
(6) Special expansion joint. This joint is located between new and existing pavements, to
provide load transfer and accomodate temperature and shrinkage movement. This joint is difficult
to construct properly, and requires extra vigilance.
(7) Joint sawing. Joint sawing timing is difficult to predict, but is critical to anticipate to
avoid widespread cracking. 4 to 24 hours after placement is generally the proper time frame,
depending on temperature and humidity. This frequently means working in the middle of the
B2-4
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