ETL 1110-1-162
30 Sep 01
APPENDIX B: HAZARDOUS WASTE LANDFILL COVER
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Table of Contents
Paragraph
Page
B-1. General
a. Intended use of document ....................................................................................B-1
b. Purpose and function of cover system .................................................................B-1
c. Alternative cover types ........................................................................................B-1
d. RCRA hazardous waste landfill covers ...............................................................B-1
B-2. Predesign Investigations
a. General .................................................................................................................B-2
b. Field surveys and record searches ........................................................................B-2
c. Geological investigations .....................................................................................B-3
d. Geotechnical laboratory tests ...............................................................................B-4
e. Chemical data requirements.................................................................................B-5
B-3. Cover System Components
a. General .................................................................................................................B-6
b. Erosion control layer ............................................................................................B-7
c. Protective soil layer ..............................................................................................B-8
d. Filter layer-- geotextile ........................................................................................B-9
e. Filter layer-- granular materials .........................................................................B-11
f. Drainage layer ....................................................................................................B-12
g. Drainage collection and removal system ...........................................................B-16
h. Barrier layer-- geomembrane .............................................................................B-17
i. Barrier layer--clay.............................................................................................B-18
j. Barrier layer-- geosynthetic clay liner ...............................................................B-20
k. Cover penetrations .............................................................................................B-20
l. Gas collection and removal system....................................................................B-20
m. Random fill and regraded waste ........................................................................B-23
n. Clearing and grubbing........................................................................................B-24
B-4. Geotechnical Design
a. Settlement ...........................................................................................................B-24
b. Stability analysis ................................................................................................B-26
c. Test fills..............................................................................................................B-27
d. Borrow areas ......................................................................................................B-29
e. Ground water monitoring ...................................................................................B-29
f. Cover grading requirements...............................................................................B-30
g. Leachate control.................................................................................................B-30
h. Cover surface runoff and erosion control requirements.....................................B-30
B-i
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